2024 Hajj disaster

2024 Hajj disaster

Date	14–19 June 2024
Location	Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Cause	Extreme heat
Participants	1.8 million
Outcome	Fatalities among pilgrims from multiple countries
Deaths	1,170+
Non-fatal injuries	2,764+
Hottest temperature reported in Mecca: 51.8 °C (125.2 °F)

In June 2024 extreme heat during the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca caused many fatalities. Between 14 and 19 June 2024, at least 1,170 people died with temperatures exceeding 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit), making it the second deadliest hajj in modern history. The hottest recorded temperature reported in the Grand Mosque of Mecca was 51.8 °C (125.2 °F). At least 2,764 cases of heat-related illness were reported on 16 June. One person was killed in a minor crowd crush.

Casualties

Agence-France Presse estimated at least 1,170 deaths reported by 10 nations during the pilgrimage. Of the deceased, at least 600 were Egyptian pilgrims. Jordanian diplomats stated that 60 Jordanians also died from extreme heat. Tunisia's foreign ministry reported that at least 35 Tunisian pilgrims died during "a sharp rise in temperatures". Indonesia reported 132 Indonesian deaths, at least three of which were confirmed to be due to heat stroke. Thirteen pilgrims from the Kurdistan Region in Iraq were reported dead of reported heatstroke. Five women pilgrims from Jammu and Kashmir territory of India succumbed to heat stroke on Mount Arafat and in Muzdalifah. Other pilgrims from Iran and Senegal were also among the dead. Saudi authorities said there were over 2,700 instances of "heat exhaustion" without mention of deaths.

An Egyptian diplomat said most of its citizens died from heat-triggered health problems such as high blood pressure. An Egyptian diplomat said that a large number of pilgrims performed the Hajj without registration because they could not afford the official procedures, and it could have exacerbated the number of Egyptian casualties and injuries in general caused by extreme heat. Reasons for this included them not being able to access air-conditioned facilities or official food or water stations, leading to prolonged periods of dehydration, exposure to, and susceptibility to the extreme heat. The diplomat also stated that the massive influx of unregistered pilgrims had likely overwhelmed the facilities in place, causing disorder in how food, water, and medical services were distributed.

A witness to the disaster reported seeing pilgrims laying along the roadside motionless, and noted that ambulances "didn't know which way to turn."

Deaths by country

Nationality	Deaths	Ref
Algeria	Unknown
Egypt	658
Indonesia	200+
India	98
Jordan	75
Pakistan	58
Tunisia	49
Bangladesh	27
Iraq	19
Morocco	17
Iran	15
Malaysia	14
Nigeria	14
Libya	6
Russia	5
Senegal	3
Netherlands	1

Aftermath

The Tunisian president Kais Saied fired Ibrahim Chaibi, the minister of religious affairs, after 49 citizens died during the Hajj. In Jordan, Prime Minister Bisher Khasawneh deferred the matter to the public prosecutor, who initiated extensive investigations in coordination with security agencies. Arrest warrants were issued for several suspects, with some already detained.

See also

• Incidents during the Hajj
• Mecca crane collapse
• 2015 Mina stampede